Cloak: Transitioning States on Legacy Blockchains Using Secure and Publicly Verifiable Off-Chain Multi-Party Computation
Qian Ren, Yingjun Wu, Han Liu, Yue Li, Anne Victor, Hong Zhen Lei, Lei Wang, Bangdao Chen · 2022
In recent years, the confidentiality of smart contracts has become a fundamental requirement for practical applications. While many efforts have been made to develop architectural capabilities for enforcing confidential smart contracts, a few works arise to extend confidential smart contracts to Multi-Party Computation (MPC), i.e., multiple parties jointly evaluate a transaction off-chain and commit the outputs on-chain without revealing their secret inputs/outputs to each other. However, existing solutions lack public verifiability and require O(n) transactions to enable negotiation or resist adversaries, thus suffering from inefficiency and compromised security.