Cyber Physical Systems, Machine Learning & Deep Learning—Emergence as an Academic Program and Field for Developing Digital Society
Prantosh Paul · 2022
Cyber-physical systems or CPS is dedicated in integrating, sensing, controlling, as well as computation activities into the physical objects, and infrastructure. Furthermore, it is dedicated in proper connection to the internet systems. Cyber-physical systems (CPS) combined with the software, as well as hardware components, which are integrated toward performing well-defined tasks; and all these are highly automated with multiple agents such as artificial intelligence (AI), as well as ML, i.e., machine learning functionalities. It is important to note that there are many subjects in computing and IT and among these few emerging are machine learning, which is one of the important type in artificial intelligence (AI), this is particularly focused on the use of data and algorithms, whereas deep learning is abbreviated as DL and it is the subfield of machine learning (ML), which is normally do with the algorithms. Deep learning is dedicated in creating artificial neural networks regarding how the human brain is works. Deep learning may be treated as a technique of machine learning. In the IT and computing domain all these cyber-physical systems, machine learning, deep learning are emerging in the industries and organizations, therefore different universities in the world are moving toward launching of emerging degrees and programs for solving the manpower-related aspects. There are shortages of the manpower in such fields and this chapter is deals with the aspects, feature, applications regarding cyber physical systems (CPS), Machine Learning and Deep Learning including academic program available and having potentialities to offer.