Protecting MANETs from Black and Gray Hole Attacks Through a Detailed Detection System
International journal of intelligent engineering and systems · 2022
In mobile ad-hoc network (MANET), identification and mitigation of black and gray-hole attacks is a challenging task compared to the detection of other attacks.To solve this issue, a secure route discovery ad-hoc ondemand distance vector (SRD-AODV) protocol has been suggested, which verifies the nodes only during the path discovery.But, it is necessary to authenticate the nodes during data transmission since the gray-hole nodes broadcast an accurate target sequence number (TSN) during the route discovery, whereas it becomes malicious and drops the packets during the data forwarding.Hence in this article, a secure route maintenance and attack detection AODV (SRMAD-AODV) protocol is proposed for identifying and defending the black and gray-hole attacks in the data transfer stage.Initially, an attack discovery system (ADS) node is decided from the connected dominating set (CDS) method based on energy and confidence score.The CDS is a robust, distinct and localized method to identify nearby linked dominating sets of nodes in a limited range in MANETs.The selected ADS nodes forward a status packet within the size of the dominating set to retrieve the entire behavioral data.ADS nodes examine gathered behavioral data and create a blacklist in which the suspected black and gray-hole nodes are added.Then, the blacklist is forwarded to the origin node to confirm the susceptibility of nodes present in the blacklist.Once the origin node authenticates the blacklist, it broadcasts a block message to all other nodes in a path for discarding blacklist nodes from the routing path.Further, this SRMAD-AODV protocol is simulated and the findings exhibit that it realizes 5.2sec of end-to-end delay (EED) and 86 % of packet delivery ratio (PDR) in contrast to the SRD-AODV protocol.