How to Make It as an AI
S. Scott Graham · 2022
Abstract This chapter describes the many continuities between artificial intelligence (AI) development and promotion. The chapter traces how success in AI is about building systems that are responsive to a wide range of sociotechnical system pressures that include scientific standards, clinical commitments, regulatory structures, and economic incentives. It details how these system pressures collide to create a fraught landscape for AI development and popularization. This chapter also explores how AI accuracy claims become the foundation of promotional claims and subsequent trust in new AI technologies. In so doing, the chapter investigates competing case studies in the development and promotion of diagnostic AI systems—a breast cancer detection system designed in an industry context and an open science approach to nail fungus diagnosis.