Research of Quantum Neural Networks and Development of a Single-qubit Model of Neuron
Sergey M. Gushanskiy, Viktor Potapov, Alexey Samoylov · 2021
Recently, there has been a rapid increase interest in quantum computers. Their work is based on the use of quantum-mechanical phenomena such as superposition and entanglement for computing to transform input data into outputs, which can actually provide effective performance 3-4 orders of magnitude higher than any modern computing devices. In the past few decades, there has been an acute problem of creating a quantum computer that uses quantum mechanical effects for computations. Currently, there are prototypes of devices of this class, but it is not yet possible to achieve an effective solution to the planned tasks with their help due to a number of difficulties in implementation. However, there is a mathematical apparatus that describes the behavior of quantum particles using a wave function. Hence, it becomes possible to simulate quantum computations on the classical architecture and check the reliability of algorithms belonging to the NP class, which are theoretically executed on a quantum computer in polynomial time and which cannot be solved on classical computers within an acceptable time frame. Effectively simulate the operation of a quantum system on devices with classical architecture is impossible, it remains to propose methods for acceleration of quantum computing on classical systems.