Internet of Things Communication Systems based on MQTT and BLE Protocols
Ioan Narita, Florin Dumitru Popescu, Cristina Despina‐Stoian · Journal of Military Technology · 2021
We are facing a new era of technology, where we want to connect according to the Internet of Things (IoT) concept, machine to machine, machine to infrastructure, or even machine to environment.The current paper is concerned with two of the most popular and important communication IoT protocols specific to the emerging IoT field: Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE).Based on their capabilities and characteristics, these two protocols, in tandem, can be considered the starting point in the design of any IoT modern application.Starting from the fact that MQTT is based on the client (publisher and subscriber)/broker paradigm, within the system proposed in the article under consideration, the MQTT broker runs on a single-board computer, Raspberry Pi3, and operates with two subscribers and one publisher.The MQTT publisher is an ESP32 microcontroller, which has at the same time the role of client in the context of the other used communication protocol -BLE, based on the client/server model.The first subscriber acts like an alarm for the system while the second subscriber is an WEB server developed based on the open-source NodeJS environment.Furthermore, the received data are stored in a database running on MongoDB and displayed from there in the web interface.