An ontology-driven software product line architecture for developing gamified intelligent tutoring systems
Diego Dermeval, Glauber R. Leite, João Paulo Felix Augusto de Almeida, Josmário Albuquerque, Ig Ibert Bittencourt, Sean Wolfgand Matsui Siqueira, Seiji Isotani, Alan Pedro da Silva · International Journal of Knowledge and Learning · 2017
Intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) are effective to provide instruction for students in several situations. Many works have been using gamification by adding game elements to learning contexts aiming to engage students and to drive desired learning behaviours. However, the design of gamified ITS should deal with a huge variability. Software product lines (SPLs) promise to offer rapid product development and more affordable development costs to build software from the same family. A key factor to successfully implement a product-line approach is to structure commonalities and variabilities into a product line architecture (PLA). In this paper, we propose a PLA for developing gamified ITSs that uses an ontology-driven feature modelling strategy. We illustrate how our architecture could be applied to instantiate a product on the basic math domain. We also discuss a set of implications of using it as well as how it could support the evolution/changing of gamified ITSs.