Understanding Local Area Networking
Crystal Panek · 2019
This chapter explains the concept of local area network (LAN). A local area network (LAN) is a group of these computers that are confined to a small geographic area, usually one building. Setting up a LAN requires computers with network adapters, central connecting devices to connect those computers together, and a numbering scheme (such as IP addresses) to differentiate one computer from the next. It can also include servers, some type of protective device such as a firewall, and connections to perimeter networks that are adjacent to the LAN. As mentioned, a LAN requires computers with network adapters, central connecting devices, and some type of medium to tie it altogether, be it cabled or wireless connections. These must be connected together in some way to facilitate the transfer of data. It is important to define how they are connected together, as well as how they actually transmit data. Generally, when data is transferred on the LAN, it is sent in a serial fashion over twisted-pair cabling. Serial data transfer means the transfer of one bit at a time-a single bit stream. This is usually the format in which information is sent from one network adapter to another.