Security and Privacy Aspects in the Internet of Things (IoT) and Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS)
Riral S. Trivedi, Sankita J. Patel · Apple Academic Press eBooks · 2022
Internet of Things (IoT) is widely used to establish self-organizing wireless network of physical objects and internet. IoT eliminates human interface in real-time by enabling autonomous communication between smart objects. Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) emerged to unite embedded computers, physical processes, complex networking, and communication technologies. IoT and CPS have fundamental differences in their engineering functionalities. While IoT primarily focuses on implementation mechanisms and service-oriented applications, CPS focuses on the principles of identifying and resolving complexities associated with collaboration between cyber and physical world. IoT and CPS are currently deployed in risk critical sectors like healthcare, military control systems, emergency management (EM) system, industrial control systems, oil, and natural gas, electric power distribution, water, and waste management systems, etc. Security is an essential property for resource constrained sensor components of IoT and CPS. Imagine an attacker gaining illegal access to a ventilator and providing a false reading, causing serious impact to a patient’s health or even death. To avoid harmful consequences of such systems failure, security, and privacy needs are paramount in low power networks. The continuous sensing environment of IoT and CPS engenders high-profile attacks and threats. Since higher privacy requires weak identity while efficient security requires strong identity, defining a robust loop 454between privacy and security remains a challenge. As such information protection, privacy preservation, securing end-devices, and reliability emerge as key concerns in IoT and CPS. Research is still elusive in providing robust solutions to address privacy and security concerns as a consequence of the loosely coupled loop. Processing heavy-weight computations in resource constrained end devices is cumbersome, thereby limiting acceptance and adoption. Similarly designing light-weight end-to-end (E2E) robust security is still a work in progress. This chapter systematically addresses security, privacy, and reliability design dynamics of advanced wireless technologies to unleash the potential of IoT and CPS.