Dense Video Captioning With Early Linguistic Information Fusion
Nayyer Aafaq, Ajmal Saeed Mian, Naveed Hassan Akhtar, Wei Liu, Mubarak Shah · IEEE Transactions on Multimedia · 2022
Dense captioning methods generally detect events in videos first and then generate captions for the individual events. Events are localized solely based on the visual cues while ignoring the associated linguistic information and context. Whereas end-to-end learning may implicitly take guidance from language, these methods still fall short of the power of explicit modeling. In this paper, we propose aVisual-Semantic Embedding (ViSE) Frameworkthat models the word(s)-context distributional properties over the entire semantic space and computes weights for all then-gramssuch that higher weights are assigned to the more informativen-grams. The weights are accounted for in learning distributed representations of all the captions to construct a semantic space. To perform the contextualization of visual information and the constructed semantic space in a supervised manner, we designVisual-Semantic Joint Modeling Network (VSJM-Net). The learnedViSEembeddings are then temporally encoded with aHierarchical Descriptor Transformer (HDT). For caption generation, we exploit a transformer architecture to decode the input embeddings into natural language descriptions. Experiments on the large-scale ActivityNet Captions dataset and YouCook-II dataset demonstrate the efficacy of our method.