Explanatory Combinatorial Dictionary
Igor Mel’čuk, Tilmann Reuther · Encyclopedia of Slavic Languages and Linguistics Online · 2020
The paper presents a new type of dictionary-Explanatory Combinatorial Dictionary [= ECD], which is a formalized semantically-based lexicon designed to be part of a linguistic model of natural language.After stating ECD's main properties (1), we describe an ECD lexical entry (2), then groupings of lexical entries (3), and, finally, principles for compiling ECDs (4); a series of entries for an English ECD is given as an illustration (5). Table of ContentsExplanatory Combinatorial Dictionary 1 General Overview of the ECD 1.1 Introductory Remarks 1.2 The General Defining Properties of the ECD 1.2.1 The Theoretical Nature of the ECD 1.2.2The Formalized Character of the ECD 1.2.3The Internal Exhaustiveness of an ECD Entry 1.3 The Specific Defining Properties of the ECD 1.3.1The Active Orientation of the ECD: From Meaning to Text 1.3.2The Semantic Basis of the ECD 1.3.3Cooccurrence as the Main Target of the ECD 1.3.4The ECD Describes All LUs of L Together and in a Similar Way 1.3.5Each Article of the ECD Describes one LU 2 The ECD's Microstructure: A Lexical Entry 2.1 The Lexicographic Definition in the ECD 2.1.1Substantive Requirements on ECD Definitions 2.1.2Rules for Writing ECD Definitions 2.1.2.1 Rule 1: Propositional Form Rule 2.1.2.2 Rule 2: Decomposition Rule 2.1.2.3 Rule 3: Standardization Rule 2.1.2.4 Rule 4: Maximal Block Rule 2.1.2.5 Rule 5: Mutual Substitutability Rule 2.1.3Criteria for an ECD Definition: Criteria of Type I 2.1.3.1 Criterion I.1: Linguistic relevance of a semantic component 2.1.3.2Criterion I.2a: Cooccurrence with qualifying modifiers 2.1.3.3Criterion I.2b: Cooccurrence with quantifiers 2.1.3.4Criterion I.2c: Cooccurrence with negation 2.1.4The ECD Definition: General Characteristics 2.2 The Government Pattern in the ECD 2.3 Lexical Functions in the ECD 2.3.1 Semantic Derivation 2.3.2Collocation 2.3.3Lexical Function 2.4 Illustrative Examples in the ECD 3 The ECD's Macrostructure: An ECD's Lexical Super-entry 3.1 Basic Notions for the Characterization of Lexical Super-entries 3.2 Criteria for the Delimitation of LUs within Vocables: Criteria of Type II 3.2.1 Introductory Remarks 72 3.2.2Criterion II.1: Differentiating Lexicographic Information 74 3.2.3Criterion II.2: Unifying Cooccurrence (= the Green-Apresjan Criterion) 79 3.2.4A Comparison of Criteria II.1 and II.2 82 3.3 Organization of an ECD Super-entry [= Vocable] 84 3.3.1The Vocable Synopsis 84 3.3.2The Order of the LUs in a Vocable 84 4 Principles for Compiling the ECD 86 4.1 The Formality Principle 87 4.2 Coherence Principles 89 4.2.1 Lexical Unit Internal Coherence Principle 89 4.2.2Semantic Field Coherence Principle (= Lexical Inheritance) 94 4.3 Uniform Treatment Principles 95 4.3.1 Lexical Unit Uniform Treatment Principle 95 4.3.2The Vocable Uniform Treatment Principle 97 4.4 The Internal Exhaustivity Principle 98 4.5 Maximal Generalization Principles 99 4.5.1 The Vocable Generalization Principle 99 4.5.2Semantic Field Generalization Principle 100 4.6 The No Regularly Produced LUs Principle 101 4.6.1 Regular Derivation 101 4.6.2Regular Polysemy 102 5 An Illustration: A Sample of an English ECD 103 5.1 Some Lexical Entries from an English ECD 103 5.2 Lexico-grammatical Problems Related to Lexical Entries for BAKE 111