HUMAN‐CENTERED DESIGN OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
George Margetis, Stavroula Ntoa, Margherita Antona, Constantine Stephanidis · 2021
This chapter focuses on describing how the human-centered design (HCD) process can be revisited and expanded in an artificial intelligence (AI) context, proposing a methodological framework for putting the human in the loop. It explores how exactly the ‘human-in-the loop’ paradigm can be pursued and relevant core AI concepts and approaches. The chapter discusses six concepts and tools that are fundamental in systematically pursuing a human-centered approach to AI, explaining its role and contributions to the overall goal of human-centered AI. These concepts are explainable AI and human-in-the-loop; semantic, cognitive, and perceptual computing; visual predictive analytics; interactive machine learning; federated learning; and UX design for AI. Federated learning promotes decentralized machine learning, engaging everyday devices owned and used by everybody for the benefit and improvement of AI. The chapter concludes by discussing a roadmap of research activities in order to pursue the approach of ‘HCD for AI’ in a systematic manner.