Type-II Isoform of Scavenger Receptor Shows Significant Extra Cellular Segment: Detailed Computational Analysis
S. Karthik, Jesu Castin E, Sherlin Rosita A · SSRN Electronic Journal · 2020
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the first leading disorder worldwide. It causes more than 30% of all deaths and the rate of death is comparatively similar in men and women. Approximately 17.5 million deaths have been recorded in 2015. Generally described as coronary arterial disease, rheumatic and congenital heart disease and venous thromboembolism, it mainly occurs via hypertension, high cholesterol deposit, smoking and genetically. These are all the factors that push the Scientific Community to find an immediate cure for this disease. Macrophages play an important role in the formation of foam cell which is formed via engulfing the Oxidative Low-Density Lipoprotein (OxLDL). These foam cells cause the difficulty to normal blood flow in the coronary arteries and create inflammation. Henceforth these foam cells are seen as the crucial reason for atherogenesis. Foam cells are having different types of receptors on the cell surface. We are particularly targeting the Scavenger receptor which contains a large family of proteins that are structurally different and involve various biological functions. Naito et al., 1992 first reported that the highly expressed receptors in foam cells are type I and II scavenger receptors which are present under the class A. Currently they are called as scavenger A1 and scavenger A2. These two receptors have different isoforms. On performing Multiple Sequence Alignment of four isoforms of the receptor, we found the type- II isoform showed a unique segment of peptide that were not found any other Cysteine Rich Domains of other isoforms. Through physiochemical studies and epitope predictions of the unique segment, we report the segment can serve as the target site for therapeutic antibodies.