Information Gathering of Earthquake Disasters by Mobile Crowd Sourcing in Smart Cities
Hamed Vahdat‐Nejad, Hamid Bahadori, Ali Abiri · 2021
Natural disasters such as earthquakes have always threatened and victimized the lives of humans and other creatures. After each earthquake, the environmental conditions change and various information is required to carry out the rescue operation. A major part of this information cannot be obtained from the knowledge that had already existed about the disaster area. However, the disaster management organizations as well as rescue teams need comprehensive information in the shortest possible time to be able to operate. Given the progress of Internet of Things and ubiquity of smartphones, it is possible to obtain this comprehensive information in the shortest time through crowd sourcing. In this article, the requirement analysis of the earthquake information gathering system has been performed. The requirements are generally classified into 4 groups including victims, facilities and livelihood, security and health, and maps. Afterwards, a layered architecture is designed for the earthquake information gathering system, which includes 4 layers including sensing, fog, cloud and application. The scenario-based approach validates that the proposed architecture satisfies the identified requirements. Finally, as selfish users could corrupt the whole information of crowd sourcing systems, a simulation reveals that the system is able to detect and eliminate these users.