GPR Sounding of Fossil Mammoth Bones from The Surface of Freshwater Lakes and Rivers
Ivan Khristoforov, Kencheeri Danilov, I.V. Gorokhov, M. Yu. Cheprasov, T.N. Petrova, Е. С. Петухова · Engineering and Mining Geophysics 2021 · 2021
Summary It is necessary to develop and improve geophysical methods for mammoth tusks searching at the bottom sediments of freshwater reservoirs of the permafrost to increase the efficiency of production and reduce the negative impact of crafts on the environment. As a result of experimental studies of GPR sounding of bottom sediments of freshwater reservoirs, the parameters of electromagnetic signals for antenna units with central frequencies of 50 MHz and 250 MHz reflected from bones and moisture-saturated tree trunks were determined. The analysis of the reflected signals made it possible to determine the average values of the characteristics of GPR signals within the frequency range from 25 to 375 MHz reflected from local objects lying in the bottom sediments of reservoirs. The features of GPR interpretation of the fossil mammoth bones reflection were revealed. In particular, these features are: the length of the “whiskers” of the hyperbola, the presence and absence of abnormal reflections in double reflections of the bottom relief, low amplitude or complete absence of signals during GPR sounding at low GPR frequencies, which cut off most of the mammoth bones and increase the effectiveness of using this method for the express search for large tusks in reservoirs.