Surgical simulator for hysteroscopy: a case study of visualization in surgical training
Kevin N. Montgomery, LeRoy Heinrichs, Cynthia D. Bruyns, Simon Wildermuth, C. Hasser, Sophie Ozenne, D. Bailey · 2005
Computer-based surgical simulation promises to provide a broader scope of clinical training through the introduction of anatomic variation, simulation of untoward events, and collection of performance data. We present a haptically-enabled surgical simulator for the most common techniques in diagnostic and operative hysteroscopy-cervical dilation, endometrial resection and ablation, and lesion excision. Engineering tradeoffs in developing a real-time, haptic-rate simulator are discussed.