An Updated Review on Covid-19 with Special Reference to Structural Elucidation and Functional Properties
Tuğba Taşkın‐Tok · Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research · 2020
IntroductionCoronaviruses (CoVs) are enveloped, single-stranded and wide families of RNA viruses and have four subgroups: alpha, beta, gamma, and delta.The title "Coronavirus" comes from the Latin word where corona means 'crown' or 'halo;' because of the crownlike projections on the surface of the virus.The viruses cause ill from the cold (common human coronaviruses having types HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43) to more serious diseases like SARS-CoV (the beta coronavirus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS) in 2002, MERS-CoV (the beta coronavirus that causes Middle East respiratory syndrome, or MERS) in 2012 and SARS-CoV-2 (the novel coronavirus that causes Coronavirus Disease 2019, or COVID-19) in 2019 [1] (Figure 1).The scientists have reported that coronavirus can infect from animal species to human beings.It means that the loud fatality ratio and widespread of these novel emerging coronaviruses are a violent danger to global human population.Common human coronaviruses (NL63, HKU1, 229E, and OC43) provoke infection in humans. They induce common cold through the respiratory tract.There is no remedy for the virus induced diseases.SARS-CoV is a beta coronavirus that induces severe acute respiratory syndrome, SARS-