Evolutionary Programming and Heuristic Optimization
James A. Momoh · 2015
The evolutionary computational techniques initiated by Fraser, Bremermann, and Reed in the 1950s [ 1 ] and developed by Lawrence Fogel [ 2 ] are bio-inspired methodologies that address combinatorial optimization problems. There are a host of techniques in this category, which include particle swarm, ant colony, genetic algorithms (GAs), and artificial intelligence, which learn or adapt to new situations, generalize, abstract, discover, and associate.