Programmable Quantum Annealers as Noisy Gibbs Samplers
Marc Vuffray, Carleton Coffrin, Yaroslav A. Kharkov, Andrey Y. Lokhov · PRX Quantum · 2022
Physical realizations of quantum annealers behave as samplers from Gibbs distributions with parameters that fluctuate due to noise, leading to spurious interactions between qubits in the output distributions.