Area-Efficient D-Flip Flop and XOR in QCA
Raja Sekar Kumaresan, Marshal Raj, Lakshminarayanan Gopalakrishnan · 2020
Exclusive-Or (XOR) and D-Flip Flop (D-FF) are used in different digital applications. In this work, area efficient designs of XOR and D-FF are proposed and realized in Quantum-dot Cellular Automata. In addition to that, an Exclusive-NOR (XNOR) gate is also proposed. The D-FF is realized by using a novel multiplexer. 4-dot 2-electron cell structure is used for the realization. The proposed designs have fewer cells and consume a smaller area compared to other designs. The proposed XOR and XNOR have the least cells, delay and area compared to other designs. The designs are verified in QCADesigner.