Application of bar coding for digital watermarking of video sequences based on frequency transforms
А.Г. Зотин, Margarita N. Favorskaya · Информационно-управляющие системы · 2020
Introduction: Owners of multimedia products face an important problem of protecting their digital data. An effective way to solve it is digital watermarking of video sequences. The challenge is the need to improve the digital watermark tolerance for transcoding when the data are transmitted via unprotected channels. Purpose: Development of method for embedding data into a video sequence which would have a higher tolerance for transcoding. Methods: We propose a novel method for embedding and extracting textual digital watermarks based on the bar coding and Arnold transform. Results: Blind marking schemes have been developed for digital video sequences in chromatic components, based on the discrete wavelet transform and discrete cosine transform. An experimental study has been conducted to check the stability of the proposed method using encoders x264 (AVC/H.264) and x265 (HEVC/H.265). The estimation of transcoding impact has shown that the frequency method based on wavelet decomposition has a high degree of stability. It was discovered during the experiments that for the cases of video transcoding by single-pass compression with a Constant Rate Factor not exceeding 26, the embedded textual information is fully restorable. Practical relevance: The developed method allows you to reliably embed or extract textual data from video sequences compressed using highly efficient coding methods during their transmission viaunprotected channels, providing copyright protection for multimedia product owners.