Other Key Concepts in Artificial Intelligence
Anthony C. Chang · Intelligence-Based Medicine · 2020
While machine and deep learning are garnering most of the attention in the artificial intelligence (AI) domain at the present time, other essential tools are also important in this portfolio of AI resources. Cognitive computing, as exemplified by IBM Watson, is a framework of machine learning, pattern recognition, and natural language processing (NLP) to mimic the human brain. The DeepQA technology of Watson (a massively parallel probabilistic evidence-based architecture) can effectively deconstruct a question and result in a hypothesis with evidence and confidence scoring. There are key differences between characteristics of AI and cognitive computing even though cognitive computing is considered within the realm of AI. NLP, the machine’s capability to understand language and is the intersection of AI, computer science, and linguistics. NLP consists of natural language understanding and generation and is used in chatbots. Autonomous systems, including robotics, is an AI domain that has a significant role in health care, with surgery and rehabilitation being leading areas. Other key areas of AI technology for health care include robotic process automation, extended reality (augmented, virtual, and mixed reality), blockchain, cloud computing, and internet of things.