PIBES - A Competing-Flow-Aware Protocol for Real-Time Video Applications
Lioba Heimbach, Lingfeng Guo, Rudolf K. H. Ngan, Jack Y. B. Lee · IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society · 2020
With the recent explosive growth in online classes and virtual meetings, real-time video communication has quickly become essential to everyday life. Despite its widespread deployment, our investigation revealed that current protocols, ranging from industry standards such as WebRTC to state-of-the-art research such as Salsify, frequently perform sub-optimally in the presence of competing flows at the same bottleneck. For example, WebRTC's throughput can degrade from 73% to a mere 8% of the available bandwidth when competing with just two TCP flows. We tackle this problem in this work by introducing a novel PIBES protocol for real-time video applications to operate in the presence of competing TCP traffic. PIBES employs a new inband bandwidth estimation method that can quickly and accurately measure the bottleneck link bandwidth even with competing flows. Moreover, PIBES can detect the absence or presence of competing flows, which enables it to maximize video quality when there is no competing flow and to maintain acceptable video quality while sharing bandwidth with competing flows. Experiments demonstrate that PIBES achieves throughput and delay comparable to the state-of-art protocols, but outperforms them significantly in the presence of competing TCP flows.