Closed Vs Open Innovation
Andreas Panagopoulos · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · 2016
Whereas in closed innovation the firm creates, incubates and develops the needed technologies in lieu of external support and through in-house R&D, in open innovation the firm stops being the powerhouse of innovative activity, increasingly acting as the coordinator of R&D efforts carried out-of-house through start-ups and spin-offs. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.