IMPROVED VITALITY OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK USING GRID CLUSTERING WITH MULTI-HOP TRANSMISSION PROTOCOL ROUTING
F. Bouakkaz, Makhlouf Derdour, Wajid Ali · Telecommunications and Radio Engineering · 2020
Due to the fast development of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), they have become an active research area. Where Wireless Sensor Network consist of a collection of sensors, with particularly limited resources. Data collected by sensors are transmitted directly or indirectly via other sensors to the base station (SB). Energy consumption is the most important issue of WSN, which has a direct effect on its performance. To this end, the objective of this paper is to introduce a routing protocol use grid clustering and chain multi-hop transmission to minimize distance of transmission between nodes to save more energy. First, the network area was divided into equal squares of length "a". Then, the election of cluster head used two parameters: residual energy and centrality in the grid cell; data transmissions were carried out in two phases: intra-cluster routing (each node, belonging to the zone Zij, only communicates with its close neighbor) and inter-cluster routing of a vertical transmission (from Cluster Head CH j to the next Cluster Head in the row i + 1 until arrival to Station Base SB). The submitted protocol was emulated using MATLAB. Simulations showed that the proposed protocol reduces the network energy consumption better than other protocols like LEACH and direct transmission.