IOctopus
Igor V. Smolyar, Alex Markuze, Boris Pismenny, Haggai Eran, Gerd Zellweger, Austin Bolen, Liran Liss, Adam Morrison, Dan Tsafrir · 2020
In a multi-CPU server, memory modules are local to the CPU to which they are connected, forming a nonuniform memory access (NUMA) architecture. Because non-local accesses are slower than local accesses, the NUMA architecture might degrade application performance. Similar slowdowns occur when an I/O device issues nonuniform DMA (NUDMA) operations, as the device is connected to memory via a single CPU. NUDMA effects therefore degrade application performance similarly to NUMA effects.