Entanglement Theory and the Quantum Simulation of Many-Body Physics
Fernando Guadalupe dos Santos Lins Brandão · 2008
Quantum mechanics led us to reconsider the scope of physics and its building principles, such as the notions of realism and locality. More recently, quantum theory has changed in an equally dramatic manner our understanding of information processing and computation. On one hand, the fundamental properties of quantum systems can be harnessed to transmit, store, and manipulate information in a more efficient and secure way than possible in the realm of classical physics. On the other hand, the development of systematic procedures to manipulate systems of a large number of particles in the quantum regime, crucial to the implementation of quantum-based information processing, has triggered new possibilities in the exploration of quantum many-body physics and related areas. In this thesis, we present new results relevant to two important problems in quantum information science: the development of a theory of entanglement, intrinsically quantum correlations, and the exploration of the use of controlled quantum systems to the computation and simulation of quantum many-body phenomena. In the first part we introduce a new approach to the study of entanglement