Reading yellow Speeds up Naming a Picture of a banana: Facilitation and Inhibition in Picture-Word Interference
Jens Bölte, Annett B. Jorschick, Pienie Zwitserlood · 2019
In four experiments, we contrasted effects of associative and semantic relations in a picture-word interference paradigm. Distractors and picture names were associatively associated ( yellow - banana) , or belonged to the same semantic category, ( plum - banana) . The onsets of distractor and picture were systematically varied using four different stimulus onset asynchronies (SOA −300 ms, −150 ms, −20 ms, +150ms). Associated distractors facilitated picture naming, while semantic distractors had an inhibitory effect. Moreover, a different time course was observed: Semantic distractors influenced picture naming over a longer negative SOA range than associative distractors. No effects for both were present at a SOA of +150 ms. Thus, associative and semantic effects are clearly different in picture-word interference. The way in which associative and semantic distractors are linked with the picture&s;s concept and lexical entry is responsible for the different direction and time course of effects. We propose how a current model of word production can handle these data.