Quantum versus classical polarization states: when multipoles count
L L Sánchez-Soto, A B Klimov, P de la Hoz, G Leuchs · Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics · 2013
We advocate for a simple multipole expansion of the polarization density matrix. The resulting multipoles are used to construct bona fide quasiprobability distributions that appear as a sum of successive moments of the Stokes variables; the first one corresponding to the classical picture on the Poincare sphere. We employ the particular case of the $Q$ function to formulate a whole hierarchy of measures that properly assess higher-order polarization correlations.