Fault-tolerant quantum gates with defects in topological stabilizer codes
Paul Webster, Stephen D. Bartlett · Physical Review A · 2020
Universal quantum computing by braiding defects in topological stabilizer codes of any dimension is proven to be impossible. Notwithstanding this no-go theorem, it is shown how braiding defects can yield all Clifford gates in three or more dimensions, and that universal quantum computing in three-dimensional surface codes is possible by supplementing braiding with adaptive gates.