Characterizing fracture distribution in layered rocks using geographic information system-based techniques
Kajari Ghosh · 2003
Fractures are discrete planar features that are heterogeneously distributed throughout the earth's upper crust. Methods commonly used to quantify fracture populations typically yield singular values/indexes for the attribute of interest. These values are useful in characterizing the bulk properties of a fracture population, but are unable to address the inherent spatial heterogeneities of the fracture network. This study explores techniques to map fractures and capture the spatial heterogeneity of fracture networks within a Geographic Information System (GIS). The study was performed on exposures of the intensely fractured Monterey Formation in Santa Barbara, California. Results of the GIS-based spatial analysis provide a framework to (a) quantify the dependence of fracture style on lithology, (b) compare and contrast geometric properties of fracture populations hosted in alternate stratigraphic units, (c) evaluate fracture intensity as a function of proximity to large faults, and (d) quantify geometric properties of fracture networks that impact fluid flow.