Fundamentals of image analysis and interpretation
Bidisha Ghosh, Michael O’Byrne, Franck Schoefs, Vikram Pakrashi · 2018
This chapter describes how digital images are represented, and investigates the basic concepts in the domain of image processing. It presents some of the most popular image pre-processing algorithms and looks at fundamental image-processing techniques that will be of particular interest to engineers and inspectors such as image alignment, edge detection, and morphological operations. The chapter deals with point operations, neighborhood operations, image restoration and geometric transformations. It looks at filtering methods, in particular, denoising and edge enhancing filters and describes morphological operations. The chapter shows the importance of image alignment when creating high dynamic range images from several input images. The transformations are found through a process known as camera calibration. The chapter focuses on calibrating a single camera for the purpose of removing lens distortion effects from an image and subsequently measuring the size of a defect in the scene applying some of the concepts.