Characterization of $1~\mathrm{k}\Omega$ Metal-Foil Standard Resistors and Continuing Drift-Rate Evaluation of 1$\Omega$ and $10~\Omega$ Standard Resistors
Takayuki Abe, Takehiko Oe, Masaya Kumagai, Matsuo Zama, Nobu‐Hisa Kaneko · IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement · 2018
A set of standard resistors is a key component of resistance calibration. We have been developing a series of compact superstable standard resistors that meet calibration laboratory demands. In this paper, we describe manufacturing and evaluation of 1 kΩ standard resistors. All the resistors elements are made with the “stress free bulk metal foil” technology. We found that all standard resistors show extremely small average drift rates, e.g., smaller than 10 nΩ/(Ω year) and small temperature coefficients typically around 35 nΩ/(Ω °C) at 23 °C. Moreover, continuing the evaluation of drift behavior of 1 Ω and 10 Ω standard resistors is discussed.