Studies in motion extrapolation
Walter W. Johnson · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network) · 1986
These models reflect what I conceive to be a functional dichotomy between motion extrapolations that span short and long temporal intervals.I term these two types of extrapolations short and long-term extrapolations, respectively.A short-term extrapolation involves motion predictions which require initiating a response while the moving stimulus is still visible.As such, short-term extrapolations require extrapolations over briefer time intervals than it takes to generate the response.These extrapolations typically occur when a person must synchonize some relatively simple activity with a visible event.For example, if a person must snap a picture just as a runner crosses the center of a stationary camera's viewfinder, this might involve a short-term extrapolation.It would be a short-term extrapolation if it required the response to be initiated while the runner was within the viewfinder.A long-term extrapolation involves the converse of the above, i.e. a task requiring response initiation after the motion has disappeared.For example, in the above case the runner might be going so fast that the photographer must begin to snap the picture before the runner enters the viewfinder.In that case s/he would have to first observe the runner, next aim the camera, and finally snap the picture when s/he guessed the runner was about to appear in the viewfinder.It is reasonable to assume that in short-term extrapolations perception, possibly influenced by cognitive factors, closely guides performance.This is reasonable since these responses are initiated