Image manipulation on social media for encryption-then-compression systems
Tatsuya Chuman, Kenta Iida, Hitoshi Kiya · 2017
Encryption-then-Compression (EtC) systems have been proposed to securely transmit images through an untrusted channel provider. In this paper, the EtC systems are applied to social media like Twitter, that are known for carrying out some image manipulation. Block scrambling-based encryption schemes used in the EtC systems are evaluated in terms of the robustness against image manipulation on social media. This work aims to investigate how each social networking service (SNS) provider manipulates images, and to consider whether the encrypted images uploaded to SNS providers can avoid to include some distortion under the image manipulation. In the experiment, encrypted and non-encrypted JPEG images are uploaded to various SNS providers to confirm the robustness of EtC systems. It is shown that the EtC systems are applicable to almost all SNS providers.