Declarative and Procedural Learning in Alphabetic Retrieval
Todd R. Johnson, Hongbin Wang, Jiajie Zhang · eScholarship (California Digital Library) · 2000
This paper presents three experiments that study declarative and procedural learning in alphabetic retrieval.It is based on the view that speed-up during skill acquisition can result from acquiring either new procedural knowledge or new declarative knowledge, followed by speed up of both types of knowledge.In addition, both lead to different predictions of transfer due to the different retrieval characteristics of declarative and procedural knowledge.Specifically the paper uses three forms of alphabet arithmetic problems: 1) A + 3 = ?, 2) D -3 = ?, and 3) ?+ 3 = D, to further examine the acquisition and use of declarative and procedural knowledge.The first two forms replicate experiments conducted by Rabinowitz and Goldberg (1995), whereas the third experiment attempts to maximally discriminate between declarative and procedural skill acquisition.The results provide further support for the hypothesis that speedup can result from either declarative or procedural acquisition and strengthening.