Novel fuzzy optimal controller based on STATCOM to damp SSR oscillations in series compensated systems
Zahra Rahimkhani · Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications · 2017
Phenol is a known prejudicial exotoxin and fi nds place in the environment due to intense activity of petrol industry.The aim of this applied-analytical study is to investigate phenol removal from urban drinking water using batch reactor with using powdered eggshell.Various operating variables are tested for their effects on phenol removal; these include pH, contact time, adsorbent doses, initial phenol concentration, reaction kinetics, and powdered eggshell characteristics.Sample of urban drinking water is prepared containing 5-15 mg/L phenol.Powdered eggshell is prepared in a laboratory oven at 105˚C for 12 h.The phenol-containing water enters batch reactor and phenol removal effi ciency is studied in different cases of the variables pH (3-11), contact time (0-120 min), and adsorbent doses (3-5 gr/dl).Characteristics of the eggshell powder show that the average diameter size of eggshell powder is 2 μm.The main component of eggshell powder is calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ).The best conditions for phenol removal are obtained to be pH 3, contact time 80 min, and adsorbent dose 4 gr, and phenol concentration 5 mg/L.The adsorption of phenol on powdered eggshell is obtained from Langmuir isotherm.