Development of Trust Metrics for Quantifying Design Integrity and Error Implementation Cost
Adam G. Kimura · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network) · 2017
One of the major concerns in the Integrated Circuit (IC) industry today is the issue of Hardware Trust.This problem has risen as result of increased outsourcing and from the integration of more third party Intellectual Property (IP) into designs.Trusted Microelectronics is a new field of research that has emerged to address these hardware assurance concerns.Trojan Detection, Design for Security and Trust, Trusted Supply Chain Management, Trusted Design Verification, Anti-Counterfeiting, and Vulnerability & Attack Mitigation are the major sub-fields of Trusted Microelectronics where research progress is being made.There is; however, currently a lack of well-defined metrics for quantifying Hardware Trust.As such, developing a portfolio of Trust Metrics is a needed contribution in the Trusted Microelectronics space that will also bring value to the other sub-fields of Trust.In this work, a Trust Metric Solution Space is defined in order to establish a roadmap for developing Trust Metrics.The Solution Space also creates a coalescing point for the metrics work being conducted in other communities to integrate into.An Error Implementation Cost (EIC) measure is developed as a technique to quantify errors and to allow error ranking and rating.Four MIPS Processor test cases containing embedded errors are utilized in order to show that the EIC scoring can be applied for creating quantifiable differentiation between different errors of varying severity.Errors 1 and 2 were shown to be the least severe with System Payloads of 0.0181 and 0.0010 respectively.Errors 3 and 4 were shown to be more severe with System Payloads of 0.5140 and 0.3216 respectively.iii The EIC scoring is then used to assist in developing Test Articles (TA) for example case scenarios that contain embedded errors.A 32-bit Floating Point Adder, a Fixed to Floating Point Converter, a MIPS Processor, and a Full System TA was developed in order to apply the techniques for evaluating hardware integrity.The Design Integrity (DI) analysis parses the design out into five sub-domain profiles (Logical Equivalence, Power Consumption, Signal Activity Rate, Structural Architecture, and Functional Correctness) in order to track deviation away from its intended reference profile.The deviation measurements were unique to each domain on a [0, 1] scale and were aggregated together to produce a DI metric on a [0, 5] scale that can be correlated to Hardware Trust.The DI analysis was subjected to a more complex test article with embedded v Acknowledgments This accomplishment would not have been possible without the support and encouragement of many people.Truly, I could not have reached this milestone in my life without each of them.To Dr. Steve Bibyk, my wonderful advisor; I will be forever indebted to you for the support you've given me and for your belief in me over these past several years.The odds were not in my favor in the beginning, yet you still saw something in me that convinced you to take me on as your advisee.The impact you've had in this season of my life cannot be overstated.There were many times that I struggled with internal doubts regarding my ability, and your words were always a refreshing surge of encouragement that I needed to keep going.Particularly, the conversation we had in the lobby of the old ESL building after I was officially admitted into the PhD program will be forever etched into my memory.Thank you.You have been an inspiration and are someone whom I have come to regard with the highest respect and honor.I will whole-heartedly miss our conversations regarding life, politics, and philosophy.To all the sponsors of my research, you made this accomplishment financially possible.To Dr. Greg Creech, thank you for believing in me and bringing me into the Electro Science Laboratory to be part of this world class lab.Your ability to articulate the big picture vision, as well as the way you connect people and organizations to work together, is something that I am constantly impressed by.It has been an honor to work with you these last several years.To the DAGSI organization, thank you for awarding me with the research fellowship that supported the vi last two years of my research.Finally, thank you to Dr. John Merrill and the rest of the EEIC staff for their support in the years of my Master of Science studies.To my PhD committee members, thank you for investing in my research and challenging me to make it the best it could be.Dr. Joanne DeGroat