Measuring the Translation Process
Michael H. Carl, Isabel Lacruz, Masaru Yamada, Akiko Aizawa · OpenArchive@CBS (Copenhagen Business School) · 2016
By the mid-1980s it was clear that unrestricted high quality machine translation would not be achievable in the foreseeable future and alternative directions to the then dominant rule-based paradigm were proposed. The appropriate level of linguistic representation was difficult to determine, hard to compute; and translation relations were incomplete, error prone and time consuming to formalize within the current-state rule-based translation formalisms. At the same time, with the upcoming availability of Personal Computers (PCs), more translations were produced in electronic form. As translators produce translations daily, implicitly solving those translation problems that are so hard to formalize, Isabelle (1992) said that “Existing translations contain more solutions to more translation problems than any other existing resource.“ New horizons for using MT were thus sought, which led to a number of different paradigms, some of which are briefly described.