The Forensic Force ® Series: Psychophysiological Responses to TASER ® -ECD Influence
Ron Martinelli, Jerry Staton · 2010
One of the most pressing problems within the law enforcement and use-of-force instructor communities is the reconciliation of force deployments with subject noncompliance and resistance. With the advent of more sophisticated and effective Electronic Control Devices (ECD), most notably produced by TASER International, many officers have elected to use this quantum of force in place of oleoresin capsicum (OC) sprays, impact weapons, and physical control techniques.