Phone-Based Interfaces: Research and Guidelines
Robert M. Schumacher · Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting · 1992
The telephone is the most ubiquitous computer input/output device with over 200 million units in the U.S. Thousands of applications – from airline reservations to zoo schedules – employ audio output and touch-tone input to control the flow and content of information. Because of the limited information capacity of the telephone, designing useful and usable phone-based interfaces presents a strong challenge to the designer. This paper will focus on the strengths and weaknesses of phone-based interfaces, present design guidelines, and discuss future directions.