Prolonging Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Enhanced Hierarchy
Boselin Prabhu, E. Gajendran, M. Pradeep · SSRN Electronic Journal · 2016
One major challenge in a WSN is to produce low cost and tiny sensor nodes. There are an increasing number of small companies producing WSN hardware and the commercial situation can be compared to home computing in the 1970s. Many of the nodes are still in the research and development stage, particularly their software. Also inherent to sensor network adoption is the use of very low power methods for radio communication and data acquisition. In many applications, a WSN communicates with a Local Area Network or Wide Area Network through a gateway. The Gateway acts as a bridge between the WSN and the other network. This enables data to be stored and processed by devices with more resources, for example, in a remotely located server. Each sensor node has a microprocessor and a little amount of memory. Also every sensor node is outfitted with one or more sensing devices such as acoustic sensors, microphone arrays, video cameras, infrared, seismic or magnetic sensors. But it is difficult to replace the deceased batteries of the sensor nodes. A distinctive sensor node consumes a great deal of its energy during wireless communication. This research work suggests the development of a well evaluated distributed clustering scheme for dense wireless sensor network fields, which gives improved performance over the existing clustering algorithm LEACH. The two thrashing concepts behind the proposed scheme are the hierarchical distributed clustering mechanism and the concept of threshold. Energy utilization is appreciably reduced, thereby greatly prolonging the lifetime of the sensor nodes.