STAVOVI STUDENATA PREMA PRISLUŠKIVANJU U SRBIJI / STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF EAVESDROPPING IN SERBIA
Marina Kovačević, Vesna Žunić‐Pavlović, Milica Kovačević · Zbornik radova Elektrotehnicki institut Nikola Tesla · 2015
U skladu sa savremenim nastojanjima za ocuvanjem privatnosti u razlicitim aspektima drustvenog života, narocitu pažnju javnosti izazivaju problemi proistekli iz nadzora nad komunikacijom građana, posebno ukoliko se ne vrsi na osnovu odobrenja suda. U Republici Srbiji primetne su neusaglasenosti u važecoj legislativi na razlicitim nivoima, sto uz nedostatak propratnih akata i nedovoljno precizirane procedure prikupljanja, obrade i zadržavanja podataka o komunikaciji građana u bezbednosne svrhe doprinosi brojnim zloupotrebama nadležnih službi i pojedinaca, a na stetu građana. Cilj rada je sagledavanje stavova studenata fakulteta na kojima se izucavaju krivicnopravne i kriminoloske nauke Univerziteta u Beogradu prema prisluskivanju. Uzorak cini 269 studenata. Za potrebe prikupljanja podataka koriscen je upitnik PRISE Questionnaire on Security technology and privacy, deo o prisluskivanju i zadržavanju licnih podataka. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da studenti u vecini slucajeva (94%) imaju pozitivne stavove prema prisluskivanju. Najveci broj studenata opravdava upotrebu prisluskivanja u svrhu prevencije i istrage teroristickih napada (85,1%) i kriminala (84%) uz sudsku odluku, dok se znatno manji broj zalaže za upotrebu prisluskivanja u svrhu prevencije i istrage terorizma (30,5%) i kriminala (25,7%) bez sudske odluke. Neznatan broj studenata (1,5%) podržava upotrebu prisluskivanja u komercijalne svrhe, kao i zadržavanje i dalju obradu tim putem prikupljenih podataka (2%). U odnosu na predmet prisluskivanja studenti se najpozitivnije izražavaju prema prisluskivanju osumnjicenog (81%), zatim osoba za koje se ocekuje da ce ih osumnjiceni kontaktirati (63,6%), a najnegativnije prema prisluskivanju svih linija u cilju pronalaženja konverzacije koja može biti od interesa (20,8%). Otkrivene su izvesne razlike između studenata razlicitih fakulteta, na primer studenti Fakulteta za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju se cesce nego studenti druga dva fakulteta zalažu za to da treba cuvati samo one podatke o komunikaciji putem telefona i interneta koji su neophodni za naplacivanje usluga (F(2,266)=8,797; p<0,01), dok studenti Pravnog fakulteta cesce smatraju da bi država trebalo da cuva sve podatke koje smatra važnim i to onoliko dugo koliko je to potrebno (F(2,266)=6,723; p<0,01). Dobijeni nalazi su razmotreni u odnosu na rezultate slicnih istraživanja koja su rađena u svetu, kao i u kontekstu njihovog znacaja u pravcu senzibilisanja javnosti u pogledu znacaja kontinuiranog unapređivanja zastite podataka o licnosti u skladu sa aktuelnim prilikama u Srbiji. ------------------------- Problems due to eavesdropping cause public attention especially if it’s not done with the approval of the court. There are some discrepancies in the existing legislation at different levels, the lack of supporting documents and under-specified procedures for collecting, processing and maintaining personal data of citizens which contribute to numerous abuses. The purpose of this research is to reach students’ attitude towards eavesdropping in Serbia. The data were collected by PRISE Questionnaire on Security technology and privacy, part on eavesdropping and data retention. Sample was consisted from the students of University of Belgrade (N=269), the faculties where they study criminal law and criminology. Results of the research suggests that mostly students are positively oriented towards eavesdropping (94%). They mostly agree to the use of eavesdropping in the purpose of prevention and investigation of terrorist attacks (85,1%) and crime (84%) with a court order, then in the purpose of prevention and investigation of terrorist attacks (30,5%) and crime (25,7%) without court order. Insignificant number of students (1,5%) support eavesdropping in commercial purposes, and further retention and processing of data (2%). In relation to the subject of eavesdropping students are more positive oriented towards eavesdropping the suspect (81%), followed by eavesdropping of people from suspect’s contact list (63.6%), and eavesdropping of all lines in order to find a conversation that may be of interest (20.8%). There are some differences among students of different faculties. Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation students are more positive towards the statement that only information about communication via telephone and the Internet that is essential for billing should be retained (F (2.266 ) = 8.797, p <0.01) and Law Faculty students towards the statement that government institution should store all data they find necessary for security reasons for as long as they consider it necessary (F (2.266) = 6.723, p <0.01). These findings are interpreted considering similar world research results and in the context of their importance towards sensitizing the public on the importance of the improvement of personal data protection in accordance with the actual situation in Serbia.