On Emerging Family of Elliptic Curves to Secure Internet of Things: ECC Comes of Age
Zhe Liu, Xinyi Huang, Zhi Hong Hu, Muhammad Khurram Khan, Hwajeong Seo, Lu Qun Zhou · IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing · 2016
Lightweight Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) is a critical component for constructing the security system of Internet of Things (IoT). In this paper, we define an emerging family of lightweight elliptic curves to meet the requirements on some resource-constrained devices. We present the design of a scalable, regular, and highly-optimized ECC library for both MICAz and Tmote Sky nodes, which supports both widely-used key exchange and signature schemes. Our parameterized implementation of elliptic curve group arithmetic supports pseudo-Mersenne prime fields at different security levels with two optimized-specific designs: the high-speed version (HS) and the memory-efficient (ME) version. The former design achieves record times for computation of cryptographic schemes at roughly$80\sim 128$-bit security levels, while the latter implementation only requires half of the code size of the current best implementation. We also describe our efforts to evaluate the energy consumption and harden our library against some basic side-channel attacks, e.g., timing attacks and simple power analysis (SPA) attacks.