EAX: A Conventional Authenticated-Encryption Mode.
Mihir Bellare, Phillip Rogaway, David A. Wagner · IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive · 2003
We propose a block-cipher mode of operation, EAX, for authenticated-encryption with associateddata (AEAD). Given a nonce N , a message M , and a header H, the mode protects the privacy of M and the authenticity of both M and H. Strings N, M, H E {0, 1} are arbitrary, and the mode uses 2→M/n∈ + →H/n∈ + →N/n∈ block-cipher calls when these strings are nonempty and n is the block length of the underlying block cipher. Among EAX’s characteristics are that it is on-line (the length of a message isn’t needed to begin processing it) and a fixed header can be pre-processed, effectively removing the per-message cost of binding it to the ciphertext. EAX is obtained by instantiating a simple genericcomposition method, EAX2, and then collapsing its two keys into one. EAX is provably secure under a standard complexity-theoretic assumption. EAX is an alternative to CCM [19], and is likewise patent-free.