Communication Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network Based on Base Station-Aided Localization
Qiang Zhang · Journal of Tianjin University Science and Technology · 2007
Limited by application and node structure, wireless sensor networks require low energy-efficient and low-complexity algorithms. An organization algorithm and a routing protocol based on base station-aided locali-zation are presented. The base station scans the surveillance area to localize the sensor nodes and group them into clusters. During the process, the nodes only need to receive the control message from the base station, and the energy for communication and computation is saved. According to the residual energy of the nodes and the intensity of the signal they have received, the cluster heads and gateways are selected to set up a routing tree rooted at the base station, reducing the communication cost of nodes. The routing protocol, composed of source data packet and transmission data packet, is advanced to transmit the data from the nodes to the base station. Based on that, the network lifetime and the average residual energy of the nodes are studied under different scenes. The simulation results show that the proposed organization algorithm and routing protocol can balance the energy cost of the sensor nodes and prolong the network lifetime efficiently.