A Robust Video Watermarking Algorithm in H. 264 Compressed Domain
Shen Jin-yua · Journal of Zhengzhou University · 2013
A robust video watermarking algorithm in H. 264 compressed-domain is proposed based on the new characteristics of H. 264 coding standard. The 4 × 4 blocks which have more nonzero quantized coefficients in I4 macroblocks are chosen as embedding locations based on their texture complexity. To overcome the shortcoming of the bit-rate increase in the existing algorithm,probability matrix is determined according to distribution characteristics of DCT coefficients under the different intrapredicted models. The watermark is embedded into the quantized DCT coefficients of the luma components in I frames by changing the odevity of the number of the nonzero quantized coefficients. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has little impact on the bit-rate of video,good invisibility and robustness. It can also increase watermarking embedding capacity and meet the requirements of real-time blind detection.