Video watermarking technique based on motion vector clustering
Shaohui Zhong · Computer Engineering and Applications Journal · 2009
In the motion vector block-based algorithm,the characteristics of motion vector,the Human Visual System(HVS)and the clustering features of motion vector block are considered.The FCM algorithm is used to classify the motion vectors.Watermar-king information is embedded into the motion vector block units.Therefore complete decoding and re-encoding are unnecessary.The proposed algorithm is simple and efficient.Moreover,watermark can be extracted blindly without original images.Compared with the original video sequences before watermarking,PSNR of watermarked frames is reduced slightly.At the same time,it has good robustness to withstand frame-deleting,frame-inserting and noise attack.