Construction of New S-Boxes Over Finite Field and Their Application to Watermarking
Iqtadar Hussain, Tariq Shah, Muhammad Asif Gondal, Hasan Mahmood · Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A · 2012
In this work, we develop an imperceptible watermarking technique for images that employ substitution boxes constructed over Galois field GF(24). The strength of the proposed substitution box (S-box) is analyzed and its suitability is investigated for watermarking applications by applying statistical methods, which include entropy, contrast, correlation, energy, homogeneity, mean of absolute deviation (MAD), mean square error (MSE), peak-to-peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), and structural similarity (SSIM) paradigm analysis. The application of the proposed S-box is presented for embedding copyright information in images.