Image-Based Expressive Speech Animation Based on the OCC Model of Emotions
Paula Dornhofer Paro Costa, José Mario De Martino · 2015
Expressive speech animation is a key aspect of the implementation of embodied conversational agents (ECA) capable of inspiring user thrust and empathy. Categorical models of emotions, like the "Big Six" emotions of Ekman, provide a small and clear vocabulary of emotions which have been adopted in many initiatives to model the speech accompanied by the expression of emotions. However, such a small set of stereotyped emotions seems not be appropriate to reproduce the complex combinations of facial expressions observed in everyday dialogues. The present work proposes an image-based expressive speech animation synthesis methodology that is based on the Ortony, Clore and Collins (OCC) appraisal model of emotions.